DIS-9912A v1

Bryman, A., & Cramer, D. (2004). Constructing variables. In M. Hardy & A. Bryman (Eds.), Handbook of data analysis (pp. 18-34). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
This source provides an excellent review of how to construct variables for quantitative research and a description of the levels of measurement for quantitative analysis.

Drew, C. J., Hardman, M. L., & Hosp, J. L. (2008). Designing and conducting research in education. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
Read Chapter 6 (pp. 137-164). In this chapter, the authors present research approaches aligned with the quantitative methodology. Examples are also provided to inform variables and methods appropriate for quantitative data collection and analyses.

Frey, B. (Ed.). (2018). The SAGE encyclopedia of educational research, measurement, and evaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.
This resource will provide you with definitions of constructs and variables as they relate to different quantitative and qualitative methods and designs. Select Link to Full Text in the left column and insert what you would like to explore. You can begin with “qualitative” or “quantitative” and search from there.

Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf. (2019). G*Power: Statistical power analyses for Windows and Mac.
G*Power is a power analysis tool used to calculate effect sizes and minimum sample size for rigorous quantitative analysis. The software application can be downloaded for free from this site along with an instructional guide to use.

Pope, D. C. (2017). Data collection [Video file]. SAGE Research Methods.
In this video, the scholar discusses practical strategies and techniques used for qualitative data collection.